80386 programmer reference manual

The stores information from descriptors in segment registers, thereby avoiding the need to consult a descriptor table every time it accesses memory. Every segment register has a "visible" portion and an "invisible" portion, as Figure illustrates. The visible portions of these segment address registers are manipulated by programs as if they were simply bit registers. Refer to Chapter 11 for how the coordinates updates to the accessed and dirty bits in multiprocessor systems. Read/Write and User/Supervisor Bits These bits are not used for address translation, but are used for page-level protection, which the processor performs at the same time as address translation. The fetches all instructions from this code segment, using as an offset the contents of the instruction pointer. CS is changed implicitly as the result of intersegment control-transfer instructions (for example, CALL and JMP), interrupts, and exceptions.

In real mode the appears to programmers as a fast with some new instructions. Most applications of the will use real mode for initialization only. Virtual mode (also called V86 mode) is a dynamic mode in the sense that the processor can switch repeatedly and rapidly between V86 mode and protected mode. As the “INTEL PROGRAMMER’S REFERENCE MANUAL ”, section, explains: The contents of EAX depend upon the results of the power-up self test. The self-test may be requested externally by assertion of BUSY# at the end of RESET. The EAX register holds zero if the passed the test. INTEL PROGRAMMER'S REFERENCE MANUAL. From Computer History Wiki. INTEL PROGRAMMER'S REFERENCE MANUAL Intel Corporation makes no warranty for the use of its products and assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document nor does it make a commitment to update the information contained herein.

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